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(sister group to chordates) Fig Echinodermata (sister group to chordates) Cephalochordata (lancelets) ANCESTRAL DEUTERO- STOME Chordates Urochordata (tunicates) Notochord Myxini (hagfishes) Common ancestor of chordates Craniates Petromyzontida (lampreys) Head Chondrichthyes (sharks, rays, chimaeras) Vertebrates Vertebral column Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) Gnathostomes Jaws, mineralized skeleton Actinistia (coelacanths) Osteichthyans Lungs or lung derivatives Figure 34.2 Phylogeny of living chordates Lobe-fins Dipnoi (lungfishes) Lobed fins Amphibia (frogs, salamanders) Legs Reptilia (turtles, snakes, crocodiles, birds) Tetrapods Amniotes Amniotic egg Mammalia (mammals) Milk
Evolution of Vertebrates - ppt video online download